WAEC Biology Practical Specimen 2025/2026: The WAEC Biology Practical Examination 2025/2026 consists of 12 stations, each with one or more biological specimens from various kingdoms of life. We will provide the accurate WAEC 2025 specimen details, including the PDF, answers, and related materials for the Biology practical.
In the WAEC Biology Practical Examination, candidates will examine specimens and use materials to test biological concepts and practical skills. Key specimens and materials include:
READ ALSO: WAEC Practical Specimen 2025/2026 PDF for All Subjects
Contents
- 1 WAEC Biology Practical Specimen 2025/2026
- 2 Detailed Explanation of the WAEC Biology Practical Specimen 2025/2026
- 3 Specimen A – Mature Fresh Eggs of Catfish:
- 4 Specimen B – Fresh Egg of Domestic Fowl (Raw, with Shell Intact):
- 5 Specimen D – Longitudinal Section of Ovary of Pride of Barbados Flower:
- 6 Specimen E – Leaf of Pride of Barbados Flower:
- 7 Specimen F – Panicum Plant/Guinea Grass (Whole Plant):
- 8 Specimen G – Cocoyam Plant/Caladium Plant (Whole Plant):
- 9 Specimen H – Corm of Cocoyam:
- 10 Specimen J – Dry Humus in a Beaker:
- 11 Specimen K – Moist Humus in a Beaker:
- 12 Specimen L – Ripe Orange Fruit (Whole):
- 13 Specimen M – Longitudinal Section of Coconut Fruit:
- 14 Specimen N – Longitudinal Section of Fresh Chili Pepper Fruit:
- 15 Conclusion
WAEC Biology Practical Specimen 2025/2026
Great care must be taken to ensure that the information provided does not reach the candidates before the examination, either directly or indirectly.
Candidates should be instructed to bring essential items to the examination room, including sharpened drawing pencils (preferably 2B, at least 15cm long), an eraser, and a ruler.
Each candidate will be provided with a specific set of specimens for the examination, which will be used for conducting various practical tasks.
| Specimen Code | Description |
|---|---|
| Specimen A | Mature fresh eggs of catfish |
| Specimen B | Fresh egg of domestic fowl (raw, with shell intact) |
| Specimen C | Picture/model/chart of uterus containing a foetus |
| Specimen D | Longitudinal section of ovary of pride of Barbados flower |
| Specimen E | Leaf of pride of Barbados flower |
| Specimen F | Panicum plant/Guinea grass (whole plant) |
| Specimen G | Cocoyam plant/Caladium plant (whole plant) |
| Specimen H | Corm of cocoyam |
| Specimen J | Dry humus in a beaker |
| Specimen K | Moist humus in a beaker |
| Specimen L | Ripe orange fruit (whole) |
| Specimen M | Longitudinal section of coconut fruit |
| Specimen N | Longitudinal section of fresh chilli pepper fruit |
For the WAEC Biology Practical Examination in 2025/2026, it is crucial that each candidate is provided with a set of essential materials to facilitate the examination of various specimens, such as fish eggs, plant parts, and soil components.
These materials include a hand lens or magnifying lens for close inspection, a scalpel or razor blade for cutting, forceps for handling specimens, and gloves for safety.
Candidates will need a spatula, a petri dish for specimen containment, as well as Fehling’s solutions A and B and iodine solution for specific chemical tests. These tools and reagents will enable candidates to conduct their practical experiments efficiently and safely.
Detailed Explanation of the WAEC Biology Practical Specimen 2025/2026
Specimen A – Mature Fresh Eggs of Catfish:
These eggs are from a mature catfish and serve as a specimen for examination. Catfish are known for their unique reproductive strategy, and these eggs provide an opportunity to study their reproductive biology. Candidates may observe and analyze the size, shape, and color of the eggs. Additionally, they can examine the eggs for any visible features that indicate the stage of development.
Specimen B – Fresh Egg of Domestic Fowl (Raw, with Shell Intact):
This specimen consists of a fresh egg from a domestic fowl, commonly known as a chicken. The egg is presented in its raw state, with the shell still intact. Candidates can study the external features of the egg, such as its shape, size, and color. They may also observe the shell’s texture and any markings on it. This specimen allows candidates to understand the structure and characteristics of bird eggs.
Specimen C – Picture/Model/Chart of Uterus Containing a Foetus:
Specimen C is not a physical specimen but a visual representation of a uterus containing a foetus. It serves as an educational aid to help candidates understand the structure and function of the uterus in reproduction. Candidates can use this chart or model to identify parts of the female reproductive system and learn about embryonic development.
Specimen D – Longitudinal Section of Ovary of Pride of Barbados Flower:
This specimen is a longitudinal section of the ovary of the Pride of Barbados flower. Candidates can closely examine the internal structure of the flower’s ovary, which is a female reproductive organ. They may observe ovules, potential seeds, and other structures related to plant reproduction.
Specimen E – Leaf of Pride of Barbados Flower:
Specimen E consists of a leaf from the Pride of Barbados flower. Candidates can study the leaf’s external characteristics, including its shape, size, color, and any unique features. This specimen allows candidates to explore the leaf structure of a flowering plant.
Specimen F – Panicum Plant/Guinea Grass (Whole Plant):
This specimen is the whole plant of Panicum, commonly known as Guinea grass. Candidates can examine the entire plant, including its roots, stems, leaves, and any reproductive structures like flowers or seeds. This provides insight into the morphology of a grass species.
Specimen G – Cocoyam Plant/Caladium Plant (Whole Plant):
Similar to Specimen F, this is the whole plant of either a cocoyam or Caladium. Candidates can study the entire plant, including underground storage structures like corms, leaves, stems, and any reproductive parts. This specimen offers an opportunity to understand the morphology of a tuberous plant.
Specimen H – Corm of Cocoyam:
This specimen is the corm of a cocoyam plant. Candidates can examine the corm’s external features, such as size, shape, and color. Additionally, they can explore its internal structure to understand how these underground organs store energy and nutrients.
Specimen J – Dry Humus in a Beaker:
Specimen J consists of dry humus in a beaker. Humus is organic material in soil that results from the decomposition of plant and animal matter. Candidates may examine its texture, color, and composition to understand the role of humus in soil fertility and nutrient cycling.
Specimen K – Moist Humus in a Beaker:
Similar to Specimen J, this specimen contains moist humus in a beaker. Candidates can observe the differences between dry and moist humus and understand how moisture content affects soil characteristics and plant growth.
Specimen L – Ripe Orange Fruit (Whole):
This specimen is a whole ripe orange fruit. Candidates can examine its external features, such as size, color, texture, and any visible characteristics related to fruit ripening. This specimen offers insights into the structure and attributes of a typical fruit.
Specimen M – Longitudinal Section of Coconut Fruit:
This specimen is a longitudinal section of a coconut fruit, allowing candidates to study its internal structure. They may observe the various parts of the coconut, such as the endosperm, embryo, and coconut water, providing knowledge about coconut development.
Specimen N – Longitudinal Section of Fresh Chili Pepper Fruit:
Specimen N is a longitudinal section of a fresh chili pepper fruit. Candidates can closely examine its internal structure, including seeds and placental tissues. This specimen provides insights into the anatomy of a chili pepper fruit.
Conclusion
Knowing the WAEC Biology practical specimens is very important if you want to do well in the exam. Each specimen has a special function in living things, like breathing, digestion, reproduction, and body support. By learning about their structure, features, and functions, you will better understand biology and be able to answer exam questions with confidence.
As you prepare for the WAEC 2025 Biology practical, take time to observe each specimen closely, write down important details, and practice identifying them. This will not only help you pass the exam but also improve your overall knowledge of biology. Wishing you success in your WAEC practical exam.